中国人成功的原因是什么？ [美国媒体]

-------------译者：龙腾翻译总管-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------



What makes Chinese people successful?

中国人成功的原因是什么？


-------------译者：jingjia2008-审核者：jingjia2008------------

TrN47;n Mai Anh Answered Nov 21 2016
Well as a person with some Chinese descent I can try to clarify this common curiosity as to why the Chinese are so successful in Southeast Asia.

作为一个拥有华裔血统的人，我来试着阐述解答下为什么在东南亚的中国人是如此的成功。

First a little bit about my background. My grandfather on my mother’s side is Chinese which means half of my mother’s family is ethnic Chinese. My grandfather himself did not belong to one of the rich Chinese but many of his relatives were. They lived through a turbulent period of Vietnam’s history - that is the Vietnam war.

首先稍微介绍下我个人。我的外公是中国人，这意味着我母亲的娘家人有一半是华裔。我的外公出生于一个并不富裕的家庭，但他的亲戚们有很多却很富有。他们经历了越南历史上的动荡时期——那就是越战。

Something very few people still remember is that before 1975 before the Fall of Saigon or South Vietnam the capitalist economy of South Vietnam was almost 90% controlled by the ethnic Chinese . Towards the end of 1970s all the important trades were held in absolute monopoly by the ethnic Chinese. So serious was this issue that they had the entire power to set the price of commodities. In the later years of the Vietnam war the price of rice was set so high that the government of South Vietnam had to intervene and called up all leaders of Chinese organizations to lower the price otherwise one man will be drawn at random and executed. Not believing the goverment would dare do anything instead of lowering the price they raised it up by 50%.

很少有人还记得1975年，在西贡或南越倒台之前，越南的经济几乎90%都是由华裔控制的。在上世纪70年代末，所有重要的交易几乎被华裔垄断。事态严峻到他们能完全掌控商品价格的地步。在越南战争的后期，越南的大米价格太高，以至于政府不得不出面干预，召集所有华裔组织的头目并要挟他们降低大米价格，否则就从他们中随机抽取一个人执行死刑。他们完全不相信（越南）政府有胆量做那种事，所以他们非但没有降低米价，反而还将米价提高了50%。

But the government did. Ta Vinh a man of just 35 years old were chosen as a scapegoat and a sacrificial lamb.

但越南政府是说到做到。一个35岁的男人Ta Vinh被选作替罪羊成为了牺牲品。



-------------译者：*慢活族*-审核者：bryanch------------

After that the price did lower. It makes you wonder though how did they even get this much power. No they are not superhumans. As a (half) insider the story goes like this:

在那件事之后，价格就降低了。这让你质疑他们是如何获得这么大的权力的。不，他们并不是超人。 作为（半个）内幕人士，事情的原委是这样的：

Clan organization: the early overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia operated in clan organizations. They had congregations for the different dialects such as Cantonese Teochew etc. These were leaded by a head. These organizations helped the Chinese to gain advantage by providing funds assistance and connections for their fellow countrymen. They operated almost like a mafia/triad organization that was devoted to helping members make big money. And thus the larger the stronger. New Chinese when coming to town were helped by the old money who already made it big. In fact my Teochew Grandaunt told me that there was a person who Teochew people could get loans with zero interest from. “You just go to that place tell him that you're gaginang and he will give you loan. If you're Vietnamese forget about it” She said

宗族组织：东南亚早期的华侨是在宗族组织中运作的。他们的（宗族集会）聚集了说不同方言的人们，如广东话、潮汕话等。有一个领导者带领这些人。这些组织以给他们的中国同胞们提供资金援助和联系获得优势。他们几乎像黑社会组织一样致力于帮助其成员赚大钱。因而组织规模越大权利越强大。 来到城里的新华人们受到了已经赚大钱的老人们的帮助。 事实上，我潮州的叔祖母告诉我，（华人们）可以从一个潮州人那里借得零利息的贷款。她说，“你只要去那个地方跟他，你是自己人，他就会给你贷款。如果你是越南人的话就免谈。“

Pragmatism vs Idealism. Owing to their “guest” status in the new country the ethnic Chinese did not bother with politics or anything that are too involved with their host country. They focused entirely on economics business making money. The Chinese are very pragmatic. They do not care what happens as long as there are benefits.

实用主义对比理想主义：由于他们在新国家是“客人”的身份，华人不会因为政治或与东道国有关的任何事情而烦恼。他们完全专注于做生意赚钱。中国人非常务实。只要有好处，他们完全不在乎关心会发生什么。

Once my cousin and I discussed about the issue of the Vietnam war. I asked if his family who was extremely wealthy (and still is) if they still supported South Vietnam and if they were bitter with what happened after the Vietnam war. This is what he said:

有一次，我和我表弟讨论了有关越南战争的一些问题。我问他们家族（当时超有钱现在也是）会不会仍支持南越，会不会对越南战争后发生的（惨剧）感到痛心？这是他的回答：

-------------译者：bryanch-审核者：*慢活族*------------

“No. South Vietnam was horribly corrupt and badly ran. We knew that and we knew it better than anyone. Did we support it? Yes of course we thrived on that corruption it was what made us rich. Were we bitter that it was defeated? No it should fall and it did it wasn't meant to be as for us everything in life goes in cycle if you made enormous wealth there will be a time when you reach the bottom end. Do we support the current communist Vietnam? Yes of course time has changed and there is no going back. You have to take what life gives you and make the best out of it. Do we hate what they did to us? Of course. But we took the disadvantage that they gave us and turnt it into an advantage. There is a way for everything exploit all possible opportunities.

“不。南越很糟糕，腐败现象严重，我们知道而且比任何人都了解这一点。我们当时支持它吗？当然支持，就是那时的腐败让我们兴旺变得富有。当它被打败时我们痛苦吗？不，这个政权早该倒了，但对我们来说这不意味我们需要将生活中的一切都重新洗牌，毕竟当你曾经赚取了巨大财富后，从高峰跌到低谷是需要一段时间的。我们支持现在这个共产越南吗？当然支持，时代已经变了且不会倒退，你只有把握住现在生活给你的，然后充分利用它。。那我们恨他们曾对我们做过的事吗？当然，只是我们把他们给我们造成的劣势转化成优势了，当穷尽所有可能的机会后，总是会有一条出路的。”

Family first Nowaday it is different but in the early days it is not a myth that the Chinese encouraged marriage with other Chinese. It is not just because of racial purity but they also wanted to keep the business in the family. When the Chinese married other Chinese they established business ties to grow their business. They put people they trust into running the business and their business was like a family organization. Again the importance of clans. Also Chinese didnt just limit this to their blood relatives. If you could gain trust of Chinese they will treat you like family you become part of their family and are given the same priority treatment.

家庭优先。现在的中国人可能不一样， 不过在早期，众所周知中国人更倾向于支持双方都是中国人的婚姻。不仅是为了种族的纯净而且这也是为了把生意留在自家里。当中国人和另外一个中国人结婚时，他们建立起一个商业联接从而扩展了他们的生意。他们的生意就像一个家庭组织，被信任的人才会让其加入生意经营。再次强调，这就是宗族（家庭）的重要性。另外，中国人并不把这种商业联系局限在血缘上的亲戚上。如果你能赢得中国人的信任，他们会待你如同家人一样，你会成为他们家族的一部分，被给予同等级的优先待遇。

Code of ethics As much as the Chinese have a bad reputation for being unethical now in fact the early overseas Chinese businesses ran on the very important principle of: trust/integrity. Trust or integrity is extremely important maybe the most important to the overseas Chinese at least the ones in Vietnam. Chinese value trust (or in Vietnamese tín 信) one of the principle values of Confucianism. Trust means you would not turn on your business partner that you promise to pay him next month and you do and he trusts that you do it. Because of this Chinese businesses were extremely successful.

道德标准。现在的中国因其不道德之举而“名声在外”，但早先海外华人做生意有一个很重要的道德原则：诚信。对于海外中国人来说，至少在越南，诚信是极其重要，甚至于是最重要的一条原则。中国人价值观念中的诚信（或是越南文中的tín信）是儒家文化中的原则之一。诚信意味着当你答应下个月付给生意伙伴钱时，你会遵守约定支付而且他也相信你不会违背约定，基于这个原因，中国人的生意非常成功。

-------------译者：cloudwheel-审核者：*慢活族*------------

Chinese also value relationships and treating those close to them in a righteous way. It is another principle of Confucianism. This allows them to create strong personal ties for business network. The concept of personal relationship is very strong such that if someone helps you even a tiny bit you have the obligation to be grateful to them and never forget this help and also try as much as possible to do something in return.

中国人也重视人际关系并且对于身边的人会用公正的方式对待。这是儒家思想的另外一个原则。这使他们能够为了商业网而建立起牢固的个人关系纽带。人际关系的概念十分强烈以至于如果有人帮助了你，哪怕只是一点，你都觉得自己有义务去感激他们并且铭刻在心，同时也会尽可能做出相应的回报。

Values As others have mentioned Chinese are hardworking. But anyone can be hardworking. I don't think this is so important as ambition. Chinese are ambitious their culture is geared towards ambition. It is about being the best and achieving the best. To make your family clan ancestors proud and set a good foundation for your children is what Chinese children are taught.

价值观。正如其他人所提到的，中国人很勤劳。但任何人都可以很勤劳。我认为这没有比有雄心抱负那么重要。中国人是有抱负的。他们的文化是倾向于雄心壮志的。这说的是（中国人要争做）最好的，做到最好。要让你的祖先骄傲，为你的孩子打下良好的基础，这就是中国孩子所接受的教育。

Perseverance is also an important concept to them. Building a business is hard work it's easy to give up without being persevere.

坚持不懈对他们来说也是一个十分重要的观念。创业是艰难的，没有毅力很容易就会放弃。

Chinese also look to the future and think long term making them very good at strategies. And business people are strategists at heart.

中国人也会着眼于未来，考虑长远，这使得他们十分擅长制定策略。每个商业人士的内心都是个战略家。

Nowadays the Chinese descendants continue on what their ancestors have established for them so the rich get richer. The ones who did not have rich families use the same shared values to get rich themselves.

如今中国的后代们继承了先祖们遗留下来的价值观，所以富人变得更富。而那些没有富裕家庭依靠的人则遵循着同样的价值观来发家致富。

-------------译者：龙腾翻译总管-审核者：龙腾翻译总管------------

Wu Hao Temporary Worker at Strategic Fooyou Agency (2016-present) Answered Sep 15
The reason for success of course is America.

成功的原因当然是：美国。

Let's go back to China and see that China was not even as good as India in the 1950s.

让我们回国头来看一看，上世纪50年代的中国甚至不如印度。

India has a good political environment and it is well known that China has been shunned by the Soviet unx and the west.

印度拥有良好的政治环境，而众所周知，中国一直受到苏联以及西方国家的排斥。

Indians can buy most of what they want while the Chinese face a lot of blockades.

印度人可以买到大部分他们想要的东西，而中国人则面临诸多的封锁。

It is the technical blockade that forces China to be independent.

正是技术上的封锁逼迫中国必须具有独立自主的能力。

As you can see the Chinese army has endured 40 years of national unity to develop its economy. And our Indian friends are still buying their advanced weapons.

于是，你可以看到，中国军队忍耐了40年，全国一致努力发展经济。而我们的印度朋友依然在采购他们的先进武器。

When a large country like China to realize the industrialization informationization and has the world's most perfect industrial system the world only to find that oh how China suddenly so powerful?

当像中国这样一个庞大的国家实现了工业化、信息化，并具有全世界最为健全的工业体系的时候，世界才发现，哦，中国怎么突然如此强大？

Is the answer obvious? If it is not a blockade how can China be so patient and meticulous about its economic structure?

答案是不是很明显了？如果不是封锁，中国哪有动力如此耐心、细致的整理本国的经济结构？

Xuance Wang Answered Sep 17
There’s an old saying remembered By Chinese:“ “The fate of a person of course rely on self-struggle but also take into account the process of the history. ” — By an elder

中国有句老话：一个人的命运啊，当然要靠自我奋斗，但是也要考虑到历史的行程。”——长者。

And there’s an other saying:“Listen to the elders or suffer immediately.”

还有句俗话说：“不听老人言，吃亏在眼前。”

May be this is why Chinese so successful : )

也许这就是中国人如此成功的原因。 : )

-------------译者：天枢璇玑-审核者：wanghw1120------------

Anry Young Carpe Diem. Answered Dec 9 2016
Since human beings are equal biologically the only possible difference is that successful nations are armed with some special ideologies which motivate them to study hard and work hard. We can also say these ideologies are from their national culture which are passed down generation by generation and shaped who they are. Moreover the culture of a nation is usually considered to have close ties with the geography. Hence a clear chain of causation can be derived the geography shaped the culture the culture shaped the nation the positive ideologies contained in the national culture shaped the successful people.

由于人类其实是同样的生命体，唯一可能的区别就在于那些成功的国家通常拥有一些特殊的意识形态，这种意识形态可以激励他们更加努力地学习和工作。我们也可以说这种意识形态来源于其民族文化，而这种文化历经世世代代的传承从而塑造出了现在的（中国人）。此外，一个民族的文化通常被认为与其地理有着紧密联系。因此可以得出一条明确的因果循环链推导出是地理因素引发了文化形成，而文化又塑造了民族，包含在民族文化中的积极意识形态则塑造出了成功的人民。

Vicenzo Tsai can't seperate chinese identity from China Answered Nov 20 2016
There are many different types of chinese people in the world and this answer is just a generalization to this question which might not be true.

世界上的中国人也分为好多种，这个答案只是针对问题的一个概括性描述，不一定准确。

Materialism. Chinese people in general are very materialistic as wealthiness is very important in having a good social relationship between chinese people. The difference between social class is huge and being rich could guarantee one to have a high social status among the community.

物质至上。中国人通常都比较务实，比如财富对中国人来说是非常重要的，这通常能够带来良好的社交关系。社会阶层之间的差异是巨大的，而拥有了财富就能保证自己在社会中拥有很高的社会地位。

Familial piety. Confucianism stressed the importance of family relationships between parents and children so in order to create a positive image for their family one must always work hard especially in education in order to provide good results that could bring fame to ones family. In chinese culture to take care one’s retired parent is still significant although it is declining fast.

家庭孝道。儒家思想强调了父母与孩子之间的家庭关系的重要性。所以为了营造出一个良好的家庭形象，人们必须努力，尤其是在教育方面下功夫，以此获得优异的成绩从而为家族带来良好的声誉。在中国文化中，赡养退休的双亲十分重要，虽然（这种理念）在快速消退。

High education. For most chinese people education is a must and most important in order to succeed in life especially in a foreign country. To conform to confucianist guides education could improve one’s social status and family image among the community therefore chinese people will spend their time and money to study hard and get a professional job that has good income.

高等教育。对大多数中国人来说，教育是通向成功，尤其是在国外获得成功的必要且重要的道路。与儒家思想相适应，教育可以提升一个人的社会地位以及塑造良好的家庭形象，因此中国人愿意花费时间与金钱去努力学习以此获得一份能带来不菲收入的专业性工作。

Risk takers. Most overseas chinese had suffered a lot of hardship when they first emigrated from China as they need to face horrible corruption at home and unfair discrimination at their new settlement. To take big risk is a must for most of them as they had no other choice and they could not afford to return to their origins. - With good power comes great responsibilty - a quote from Spiderman.

敢于冒险。大多数海外华人第一次从中国移民出来时，遭受了许多的困难。在国内他们要面对可怕的腐败现状，而在移民海外后则要遭受不公平的歧视。对于大多数的中国移民来说，他们只能承担住这极大的风险别无选择，且他们没钱重回自己的家乡——这就好比“能力越大，责任越大”——引用自《蜘蛛侠》。

-------------译者：天枢璇玑-审核者：*慢活族*------------

Mervyn Locke Enlightened laowai/Decade-long China resident/Permanent China bull Answered Thu
1.Hard working
2.Out-of-this-world focus on education
3.Super quick at absorbing new technology
4.Apetite for risk
5.Insatiable curiosity
6.Unconstrained by religion and social class
7.Big population meaning that they also have many incredibly smart people statistically speaking

1、努力工作
2、极度重视教育
3、对新技术有着极快的吸收能力
4、勇于冒险
5、永无止境的好奇心
6、不受宗教或社会阶层的约束
7、从统计学上来说，大量的人口基数意味着会出现很多极度聪颖之人。