中国是如何做到拥有最多人口的同时保持最低犯罪率的？ [美国媒体]

How come China has the largest prison population and has the lowest crime rate?

中国是如何做到拥有最多人口的同时保持最低犯罪率的？




Tyler Bourne, Traveled extensively in China for work, married to a Chinese national
Tyler Bourne，旅居中国，结缘中华，
Answered Tue
Actually its China’s VIOLENT crime rate that is so low. They have a lot of crime that is unreported and a lot of fraud and theft. Why do you think every window on anything less than an unreachable high-rise is barred over? Why do you think the Chinese wear backpacks on their chest where they can see that nobody will cut them and take whats inside? They also have a VERY serious human trafficking problem, and a lot of forced prostitution, kidnapping, extortion etc. but if its not going officially reported it didn’t happen… right?

虽然中国的暴力犯罪率确实很低。但有大批的骗子和小偷并且很多犯罪未立案。
你有没有发现几乎所有房屋的窗户都要围上安全护栏。
你是不是认为中国人都把背包背在前面以防扒手？
你是不是认为中国人还面临着非常严峻的群众交通问题和强迫卖淫，拐卖儿童，抢劫等诸多问题。
你是不是认为这些只要不被披露就等于没发生过？对吗？

Not to take anything away from China though. They do have an amazingly low violent crime rate that should be the envy of everyone living in the US. My Chinese wife can walk almost anywhere in China, at night, and be safe. I’m regularly surprised at all the places and situations I get myself into in China where I feel later like, wow Id have been shot or rolled if I went somewhere like that at home in Miami… China’s a pretty impressive place for that!

不要试图从中国拿走任何东西。中国人有着让美国人嫉妒的低暴力犯罪率。在中国，我的中国妻子能在深夜随意出行。我经常对自己已经习惯于这些事情（深夜出行）感到吃惊。要是在迈阿密，我早就横尸街头了。

David Frigault
David Frigault
Answered 8h ago
The USA has the biggest prison population in the world. In fact, in terms of percentage, there are slightly more people incarcerated in American prisons than in North Korea; a country which is also known for its human rights abuse. Quite likely, the reason for China’s lower crime rates may be partially due to unreported crime — but an even more likely reason, is that China has been going through many legal and economic reforms in the last decade or so that has no doubt had an impact on crime rates.

美国有着这个世界上最多的犯人。以百分比来说，被监禁的美国人比北朝鲜这个人权盲区还稍多一点。虽然中国低犯罪率的原因可以归咎于未立案，但更多的则是因为过去的十年中国颁布实行了一些经济改革及法律规范，这些毫无疑问地影响到了犯罪率。

The number of executions is way down in China compared to what it was like in the recent past. Back in the 1990’s, as many as 20,000 Chinese were being executed per year. By 2005, that number stood at over 10,000. But today, the number of annual executions in China is probably closer to 1,000. Knowing the exact number of executions is hard to know for certain, as the Chinese Government does not publicly reveal how many executions they have carried out.

与近年对比，中国的死刑人数大幅降低。时间回到九十年代初，当时中国每年执行两万例死刑。到了2005年，数字维持在一万多。现在，中国一年的死刑数量可能不超过1000。由于中国政府并没有公开透露执行了多少死刑，具体的精确数字我们无从得知。

Nonetheless, evidence does point that China has been somewhat heading towards an abolitionist country on the death penalty; something which most countries have already done decades if not centuries ago. In 1997, China abolished the death penalty for juveniles. (In the USA, juvenile executions were legal until 2005, with the last one being carried out in 2004.) In 2006, the Chinese Supreme Court made it so that all death penalty cases had to automatically go before the Supreme Court as both a way to ensure that the death penalty would be applied more fairly, but also in order to try and discourage the lower courts from imposing the death penalty too frequently.

然而，有证据显示中国在向废死方面转变，虽然这点改变其他国家早在数十年前就已完成。1997年，中国废除了未成年死刑。（美国在05年废除未成年死刑，之前一年执行了最后一例未成年死刑）到了2006年，所有的死刑案件都必须在执行前送交最高法院，之所以这样做，既是为了确保死刑的公正性，更是确保下级法院不过于频繁地判处死刑。

Roughly 20% of death sentences are commuted at the Supreme Court level. Many on death row are also given a two year reprieve, which allows their death sentence to be commuted to life imprisonment if they remain on good behaviour for two years. The amount of time served for a life sentence in China is around 10–15 years, which is in accordance with most other countries in the world.

最高人民法院对20%的死刑犯实施减刑。对于那些争议性死刑则判处死缓，得到死缓判决的犯人如果在狱中连续两年言行端正的话就能减刑到无期徒刑。与世界上大多数国家一样，中国的无期徒刑最长期限也是10-15年。

The USA is one of few countries in the world where life imprisonment can and often does mean the remainder of your natural life. And the USA does not impose such a sentence on an exceptional basis, but in fact imposes it as a mandatory sentence for a wide range of fairly common crimes. Since the 1970’s, the USA has either abolished parole for lifers altogether, or they have made it so that a lifer would have to wait 25–50 years before they can become parole eligible. In most states, life without parole is mandatory for first degree murder. And it is much easier to be charged with first degree murder in the USA than it would be in nearly every other country where the penalty for first degree murder is far more lenient.

美国的无期徒刑是真正的无期徒刑，是货真价实的终身监禁。而且这在美国并不是特例而是广泛采用的针对一般犯罪的判决。自70年代以来，美国就全部剥夺了终身监禁犯人的假释权，而要符合假释条件的话就必须在监狱里呆上25-50年。在大部分州，犯一级谋杀必定会被判终身监禁兼剥夺假释权。对比其他国家，可以发现在美国犯一级谋杀所受到的惩罚要轻得多。

In the USA, one does not even have to deliberately kill somebody in order to be charged with first degree murder. I could be trying to shoplift or rob somebody of some money. And if by some freak occurrence the person dies from a heart attack or from being accidentally punched or pushed to the ground; the courts in most states will still give me a sentence that is no different than if I were a high-profile serial killer, due to由于 the argument that the person would be alive if I had not tried to steal in the first place.

在美国，就算不是故意杀人也会被判一级谋杀，例如小偷小摸。在大多数州，如果我拳击某人导致心脏病发作致死或推搡致死，那我得到的处罚就跟我是臭名昭着的连环杀手没有两样。如果我最初没有偷窃的话，那就什么都不会改变。

And I do not even need to be the one that did the pushing for such a sentence to be imposed. If you were with one or more people, and somebody in your group accidentally killed somebody while stealing, everybody involved will be charged with felony murder and given the same sentence that you would have gotten if you had axed an entire family on multiple occasions; like the infamous Axeman of New Orleans was reported to have done for years on end.

我甚至都不需要犯法就会被判刑，假如在你的小团体中有人在偷东西时杀人了，那其余的相关人士会被判处谋杀罪，我也不例外。就好像我们是经年累月杀人全家的新奥尔良斧头男。

The modern American system is so broken that it has almost conditioned the American public to think it is normal or even acceptable to get 20–30+ years in prison for even misdemeanor crimes that would result in probation, or at most, a short stint in prison in any other country. When you have millions of your countrymen withering away in prison into old age over something that occurred when they were juveniles or people in their twenties, and no consideration is given as to whether or not the individual even continues to pose a threat — you end up with a country that pays more into the prison system than healthcare and education combined; while at the same time sacrificing a chunk of the population to years or a lifetime of idleness when they could have been more productive on the outside and caused less damage to their communities.

现代美国司法系统早已崩坏：美国人已经习惯于接受因为小偷小摸而得到二三十年的刑罚是可接受的（有缓刑），同样的罪在别的国家只会被暂时拘留。当你上百万的同胞被监狱吞没，黑发人进，白发人出，甚至没有考虑对于不继续构成威胁的个体让步。最终你会发现，这个国家投在监狱的钱甚至超过教育及医疗的总和。与此同时无数人生命被毫无意义的浪费---数年甚至终生失业，他们本可以对社会做出更多的贡献。

Prisons were originally designed as a way to prevent otherwise dangerous people from being let loose in public. It was never intended to be a place where you kept somebody locked away for life, unless they were still dangerous even after going before the parole board; nor was it ever intended to be a place to send people caught cheating on exams or some other dubious crimes. Those sorts of “crimes” resulted in probation, fines, community service or jail. Not a formal maximum-security penitentiary that has been winding down in most countries in recent years and being replaced with more modernised prisons — due to the awareness from most people that formal prisons do nothing to make somebody a better individual; especially when that person is locked up for decades and misses out on any opportunities to improve their life.

监狱最初是被设计用于预防危险任务流出在社会上。它从未被打算用于将人监禁终生，除非他们在假释后被认定有威胁性。监狱更不用于监禁考试作弊或其他的可疑罪名。这些罪名导致了缓刑、罚金、社区服务及徒刑。近年来，大多数国家都没有设立正式的最高安全保障的监狱，或用现代化程度更高的监狱代替——因为大多数人都意识到，正式的监狱并不会让人变得更好;尤其是当那个人被关了几十年后，错过任何改善他们生活的机会的时候。

In China, they have even been removing the death penalty for non-violent offences and even reducing the frequency of when the death penalty is used for more violent offences; including crimes such as rape or murder. Burglary was once a punishment where the death penalty was actively sought. The Chinese Government eventually abolished the death penalty for burglary because they realised that burglars would simple murder everyone in the home because they did not want to leave any witnesses alive.

在如今的中国，由于非暴力犯罪而判处死刑的现象已经消失，其他的暴力犯罪死刑判决也已大大减少，比如故意杀人罪及强奸罪。不久之前，入室盗窃还经常导致死刑惩罚。但最终中国政府意识到如果不废除的话将大规模导致小偷杀人灭口。

Since the abolition of the death penalty for ordinary burglaries, few families have been slain, as burglars have far more to lose, now, if they murder people in the process than if they do not. In the USA, the death penalty for burglary is no longer practiced; but when a burglar in the USA faces decades or life imprisonment for such a crime, it is really not much different than the death penalty. Since in China, even lifers rarely serve more than 10–15 years, a burglar knows they will be out in short time, especially if they remain on good behaviour; so to them, getting a short term of imprisonment in order to avoid the death penalty is a much bigger difference than avoiding the death penalty to receive natural life imprisonment as is common in the USA.

自从入室盗窃死刑被废止后，窃贼们发现留着苦主的命会更有利于他们（在被逮捕后不被判刑过重）。在美国，盗窃罪的死刑同样不再适用，但是，当一个窃贼面临着几十年或无期徒刑时，它实际上与死刑没有太大区别。中国的情况有所不同：由于即使是无期徒刑通常也只有10-15年的实际刑期，窃贼们清楚的知道他们很快就能出来，更别说在监狱里保持两学一做了。所以在中国偷东西得到的处罚比美国动不动就终身监禁轻多了。

In terms of economics, the Chinese Government has been attempting to create millions of small apartments for poorer citizens who cannot afford traditional housing. Millions of Chinese still do live in dire poverty, but those numbers are fast declining. I am sure this has had a great impact on crime rates as well; as crime rates are known for being more active in places with higher poverty, as opposed to “tougher” sentencing laws. Because if the latter were true, the USA would have one of the lowest crime rates in the world; as few countries on earth have sentencing laws that are even remotely comparable to the USA in terms of harshness.

从经济角度来说，中国政府一直在尝试建造廉租房给数百万的穷人。虽然很多中国人还住在贫民区，但总数却直线下降。就我个人而言，我认为居住在贫民区对更高的犯罪发生更有影响而非严刑峻法。因为如果是后者的话，那么在这个世界上犯罪率最低的国家就是美国了---地球上就没有多少国家的法律有美国这么严密。

In recent years, a few states or jurisdictions have introduced similar measures of housing that may eventually see a sharp decline in crime rates. The State of Utah was one of the first to say they were going to try and implement a system that gave universal apartments to anybody that could not afford an apartment; but that has to be seen whether or not Utah is even able to carry forth such a project; seeing as the USA’s economy, like most of the world, has been pushed to the brink after decades of poor economic management.

近年来，联邦部分的州或一些司法机关推行了类似的住房措施，（这些）可能最终带来犯罪率的快速下降。在这其中，犹他州是最先尝试并推广这个廉租房系统的，但鉴于联邦的经济状况，我们必须怀疑犹他州是否能够持续推行这个政策，如今美国的已经由于管理不善导致经济已被推到了悬崖边缘。

Aditya Ch
Aditya Ch, B.A History, University College London (2020)
Answered Mon
China doesn’t have the largest prison population in the world or have the lowest crime rate.

在世界范围内，中国的监禁人数并不是最多的，犯罪率也不是最低的。

The United States of America has the largest prison population with 5% of the world’s population and 25% of the world’s prisoners and Singapore has the lowest crime rate.

美国拥有着世界上最多的监禁人数（人口只占世界5%监狱里却关了占世界25%的“罪犯”），新加坡的犯罪率世界最低。

Jeffrey Cochenour
Jeffrey Cochenour, Vacationed at a federal gov't funded facility.
Answered Mon
What???? The prison population of China is far behind the United States !!! According to the International Centre for Prison Studies, as well as several other sources I referenced just to verify and were all within a few points:

什么？？？中国在把人关起来方面远远落后于我大米国，根据国际监狱研究中心和其他一些资料来源来看。除此之外我还有几点需要补充：

The USA is 2.2 Million vs China at 1.5 Mil.

犯人数
美国 220万
中国 150万

What's even MUCH MUCH MUCH WORSE, is when viewed by population, the US has 737 per 100,000 vs. China at 118.

甚至还有更糟糕的，就是从人口占比来看，每十万人中美国有737个犯人而中国只有118人。（这个数字很吉利）

The bottom line is the US PRISON RATE IS OVER 6 TIMES CHINA'S.

结果：美国的监禁几率超过中国六倍。

Asking the question, “How come China has the largest prison population…..” is totally leading everyone to wrong information. Where did this come from? Would you PLEASE explain why this is thought?

提问：“为什么中国有最大的监狱人口.....”完全是把大家引导向错误的信息。你从哪得知的？能请你解释一下为什么这样想吗？

I mean no disrespect, but the US prison system is out of control, many people don't realize how bad it is, so to state a question like that can make many read on believing it to be true.

我没有任何冒犯的意思，但美国的监狱系统已经失去控制，很多人无法理解这是多么糟糕，所以才会问出这种让人信以为真的问题。

Looking forward to comment?

是期待有人附和吗？

James Jellema, studied at Prisons and Prison Life（学在监狱活在监狱）
Answered Mon
That's kind of a “duh” thing.

这个问题可以归类于“什么鬼”

Because “the bad guys” are all in prison maybe?

可能是因为“坏家伙”都在监狱吧？

Tr W
Answered Tue
because of the largest population ….

因为有最多的人口。。。。

Wang Sisuo
Answered Tue
Because the offenders are not shot to death in the street by the police and they actually end up in prison.

因为嫌疑人不会再街上乱枪打死而是在牢里终老。

Yogi Vishnu Das, Indian Astrologer & Palmist & Gemologist!
Answered Wed
Duh, because most of the criminals are inside the prison!

蠢，当然是因为大部分罪犯在监狱里。

Answers collapsed by s
Lexi Rene, Pet Owner
Answered Mon
So what happenes if many people are so bad and harmful that they get sent to a different country for prison. Also China has a good a rule inforcement team like cops and things, and there jails and prison are very good and hard to break out of. That’s where many people go, like people who are caught that are part of ISIS.

所以如果这些不法分子被押到别的国家关起来会怎样？与此同时，中国有着一套良好的法规执行团队，像警察之类的。并且他们的监狱监管严密。那里是很多人的归宿，比如那些被抓的isis成员。

Sean McDirmid, lived in Beijing, China (2007-2016)
Answered Mon
The first number you are referring to is absolute and is simply answered by china having the most people. The second number is a rate (divided by population). The real question is how could we ever derive any implication by comparing an absolute to a rate?

你提供的第一个数字是对的并指出中国人最多这个事实。第二个数字是一个比率（除以总人口）。真正的问题是“我们是如何通过绝对数量与速率的比较得出这个结果的。