既然中国已经是世界第二大经济体，为什么中国的工资还如此之低？ [美国媒体]

Why are Chinese salaries so low given China is already the second largest economy in the world

既然中国已经是世界第二大经济体，为什么中国的工资还如此之低？





Derek Harkness, Living and working in China since 2006.
China's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the second largest in the world (world bank GDP figure for China is US$7,318,499 millions per year). However GDP is only one economic statistic. To get an idea of how the GDP feeds down to personal income you need to look at data such as GDP per capita. The word, "per capita," means you have divided the GDP by the number of people living in that country. You could say, "per capita," means, "per person."
China has a population of 1,400,000,000 people compared with America's 350,000,000 people. That is, for every person in the USA there are X people in China. So for every dollar of GDP that China earns, it has to be shared between X many more people than in the USA.
China's GDP (nominal) per capita is $5,445 per year (ranking 91 by World Bank 2011) compared to the USA's $48,442 per year (ranking 16 World Bank 2011). Looking at the GDP per capita it becomes clear why the people in China have low earnings while their economy is so large. Billions of people on a low income can be bigger than millions of people on a reasonably high income.
Another part of the story is the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) of the earnings. In China peoples earnings are lower than the USA, but the things you buy for living (food, clothes, electricity) are cheaper. One US dollar in China can buy more than one US dollar in the USA. To some extent, the lower wages are offset by the lower cost of living, though not completely.
Lets compare the GDP (PPP) per capital. (That is the GPD adjusted for the purchasing power parity per person in the country.) China's GDP (PPP) per capital is INT$8,400 where as the USA is INT$48,112. This has slightly closed the gap between China and the USA however looking at the world bank rankings, China is now ranked 94 while the USA is ranked number 6 globally.
It is worth noting that China has both a huge population and a huge country geographically. There are very large variations from province to province. The numbers above are for the country as a whole. If you take places like Hong Kong, Shanghai, Guangdong then you will find that those area's GDP (PPP) per capital comes close to, or as for Hong Kong, actually exceeds that of the USA.
You should remember that although China is the worlds second largest economy, it is also fully one quarter of the worlds population. There are some incredibly rich people in China and a growing middle class but there remains a very large number of people living in near poverty.

Derek Harkness，自2006年以来在中国生活和工作。

中国的国内生产总值是世界第二大(世界银行每年国内生产总值为73.184.99亿美元)。然而，GDP只是一个经济统计数据。要想了解GDP是如何转化为个人收入的，你需要看一些数据，比如人均GDP。“人均”这个词是指你把GDP除以居住在那个国家的人数，你可以说，“人均”指的是“每人有多少”。

中国有14亿人口，而美国有3.5亿人。因此，中国每挣一美元GDP，就必须由X人分享，比美国多得多。

中国人均国内生产总值(名义)为每年5445美元(按世界银行2011年排名91)，而美国为每年48442美元(世界银行2011年排名第16位)。从人均GDP来看，中国人民为什么在经济如此庞大的情况下收入却很低，这一点就变得很清楚了。

另一面是收入的购买力平价(PPP)。在中国，人们的收入比美国低，但是你买的生活用品(食物，衣服，电)更便宜。在中国，一美元可以购买的东西在美国购买的要多。在某种程度上，较低的工资被较低的生活成本所抵消，尽管这并不完全如此。

让我们比较一下人均GDP(PPP)。(按国内人均购买力平价调整的全球购买力平价)中国的人均国内生产总值(PPP)为8400美元，而美国是48112美元。这略微缩小了中美之间的差距，但从世界银行的排名来看，中国现在排名第94位，而美国在全球排名第6位。

值得注意的是，中国有着庞大的人口，也有着巨大的土地面积。各省之间有很大的差异。以上数字是整个国家的数字。如果你选择香港、上海、广东等地，你会发现这些地区的人均国内生产总值(PPP)接近香港，甚至超过了美国。

你应该记住，虽然中国是世界第二大经济体，但它的人口也占世界人口的四分之一。中国有一些非常富有的人和一个不断壮大的中产阶级，但是仍然有很多人生活在接近贫困的环境中。

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Jerry Hsiang, Chief Experience
GDP per capita is the one of the indicators. While China is the second large is aggregate size, they have the world's largest population thus distribution of wealth and income between everyone is limited.

人均国内生产总值是指标之一。中国是第二大人口大国，他们拥有世界上最大的人口，因此，每个人之间的财富和收入分配都是有限的。

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David Jiang
To ELI5, a large economy means that a country is producing a lot. If you have more people though, you can produce more easily. China has a lot more people than the U.S. and so would normally have a much larger economy. The U.S. though produces things of higher value like designs rather than manual labor things like shoes.
Example.
100 U.S citizens x 1000 Dollars of design per person = 100k of stuff.
1000 Chinese citizens x 10 Dollar of shoe per person = 10k of stuff

一个大的经济体意味着一个国家正在生产大量的东西。如果你有更多的人，你可以更容易地生产。中国的人口比美国多很多，所以通常经济规模要大得多。然而，美国生产的东西价值更高，比如设计，而不是手工劳动，比如鞋子。
举例：
100 美国公民 x 1000美元/人（设计） = 100000美元产出
1000 中国公民 x 10美元/人 （生产鞋子）= 10000美元产出

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Ruli Lolio
Because their 2016 population is more than four times the population of USA. But GDP is still 60–70% of USA in real exchange terms or nominal GDP. But even with all that China’s per capita income or what you mean salary is four times the average salaries in India. To have same level of per capita income as USA, China will have to have almost four times the size of US economy which seems like quite an uphill task but even if they could achieve half of that figure China will have succeeded a big time.

因为他们2016年的人口是美国的四倍多。但按实际汇率或名义gdp计算，gdp是美国的60至70%。但即便如此，中国的人均收入或者你所说的薪水也是印度平均工资的四倍。要使中国的人均收入达到美国的水平，中国的经济规模将几乎是美国的四倍，这似乎是一项相当艰巨的任务，但即使中国能够达到这一数字的一半，中国也将取得巨大成功。

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Alex Jouravlev, works at Business Abstraction
China is already the second largest economy in the world partly because their salaries are so low.

中国已经是世界第二大经济体，部分原因是他们的工资太低了。

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Samuel Liu, been here since 1995, can't"shake this loving feeling"
Who says Chinese salaries are low, ... the 97%.I wondered about this in the 90s. Why was the Chinese government buying USA debt and not giving it to the people.
15 years latter, China is a richer, super-modernized economy. Public growth has benefitted those in urban China.
What happened to the USA, so called "Protestant Work Ethic", along with the gyrations of the economy, it has gone down to welfare.
The Party wants to keep the people hungry to work their best for the future of the nation.
And if they are like a few in Hong Kong, those can just move ...

谁说中国的工资很低。我在90年代想过这个问题，为什么中国政府会购买美国国债，而不是把它给人民，15年后，中国是一个更加富裕、超级现代化的经济体，公共经济的增长使中国的城市受益。美国发生了什么，所谓的“新教职业道德”，以及经济的动荡，都已经归结为福利问题了。党想让人民渴望为国家的未来尽最大的努力，如果他们像香港的少数人一样，只管搬到国外就好了。。。

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Joseph Wang, Chief Scientist, Bitquant Research
Because there are still a lot of Chinese on the farm which keep costs low which in turn makes salary low.

因为农村还有很多中国人，他们的生活成本很低，这反过来又使工资低。

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Bull Zhou, lives in China

USD 8500 X 1,400,000,000= A lot  很多

USD 12,000,000,000,000/1,400,000,000= Chicken feed 极小

Simple math.  简单的数学题

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Daniel Dsu, I was born there.
Because Chinese fortune has largely gathered in the government, state-owned enterprises, etc and wasted for maintaining the Guanxi of people.

因为中国的财富在很大程度上集中在政府、国有企业等方面，并且浪费在搞关系上。