美版知乎：为什么美国害怕中国崛起，却不担心印度崛起呢

Why does the US government fear China's rise but not India's?

为什么美国政府害怕中国的崛起，却不担心印度的崛起呢？

以下是Quora读者的评论：

Ray Comeau, Interest in geopolitics

Thanks for request

1. China has already exceeded US in GDP -PPP terms
2. China is anticipated to exceed US GDP in USD terms within the next 20 years
3. India is half a century or more away from coming close to challenging the US economy
4. India’s GDP growth over the last 10 & 15 years outpaces the US growth rate
5. In 15 years India’s GDP growth rate has only exceeded China’s growth rate on 2 occasions
6. China has some forms of military capacity the US cannot defend against
7. China’s overall conventional military power is basically on par with Russia in 2&3rd place
8. By 2014 China is anticipated to have navy comparable in size to the US, but composed differently
9. India’s conventional military power is rated 4th just ahead of France
10. China’s technology sector is challenging the US on many fronts
11. China is either on par or ahead of the US in several areas including 5G and AI
12. Indian technology is not in the game
13. R&D in China in challenges the US

谢谢你的提问

1.以GDP -购买力平价来计算，中国已经超过美国

2.以美元计算，预计未来20年内，中国的GDP将超过美国

3.印度距离挑战美国经济水平还有半个多世纪的时间

4.印度过去10-15年的GDP增长率超过美国

5.最近15年来，印度国内生产总值增长率仅两次超过中国

6.中国拥有一些美国无法抵御的军事能力

7.中国常规军事力量总体水平与俄罗斯基本持平

8.截止2014年，中国海军的规模预计将与美国相当，但组成会有所不同

9.印度的常规军事力量排名第四，领先于法国

10.中国的科技届正在多个领域挑战美国的权威地位

11.中国在包括5G和人工智能在内的几个领域要么与美国不相上下，要么领先于美国

12.印度的科技还不具备入场竞争的资格

13.中国研发能力正向美国发起挑战

India provides no challenge to the US in the foreseeable future in any sector.

India is assumed to be a friend of the US as it keep its relationship with India at a level of uttering platitudes. The US has always seen India as non-threat that can be controlled by the US.

在可预见的未来，印度在任何领域都不会对美国构成挑战。

印度被视为美国的朋友，它与印度的关系一直乏善可陈。美国一直将印度视为可以被美国控制的无威胁国家。

 

Achal Gautam, lives in India

1. India is a democracy like United States. Unlike China, India can’t take any decision/step against United States overnight. Indian public has power to influence any decision. India and America shares the same values like freedom of expression, peaceful transition of government etc.
2. China is challenging the American global dominance in Asia whereas India is trying become a major US ally.
3. China is undermining US interests across the globe by its Belt and Road initiative. Many major American allies like Pakistan has become a major Chinese ally. Even China is trying to increase its influence in North America (Greenland to be precise) and this would certainly threaten America in its own hemisphere. The same is not case with India.

1.印度是一个像美国一样的国家。与中国不同，印度不能在一夜之间对美国作出任何决定/做法。印度公众有权影响政府的任何决定。印度和美国有着同样的价值观，如言论自 由、政府的和平过渡交接等。

3.中国正在挑战美国在亚洲的全球主导地位，而印度正试图成为美国的主要盟友。

4.中国的“一带一路”正损害美国在全球的利益。许多像巴基斯坦这样的美国主要盟友已经成为中国的主要盟友。就连中国也在试图增加其在北美（准确地说，是格陵兰）的影响力，这肯定会威胁到美国在自己所属半球的影响力。印度则完全不同。

 

Prasanta Das, Automobile Expert, Technologist, HighVolt Electric Engineer

China has demonstrated their capability during last one and half decade and the pace and professionalism they build as a general culture amongst their people. They have shown they are more than capable to surpass Any big ecomony with their own style of working. US is built by people/ talent across the world , but China is self made that is a bloody fact.

Coming to India, THere is pool of talents but exists sereous negative mindset, lazy attitude and unprofessional attributes amongst majority of people. Federal Govt structure and highly corrupted beurocrata in addition to the power hungry politicians who are there on power to make money. These attributes to uncertainty in growth and as Britishers mentioned before leaving the country- Indians will remain engaged aolving their own domenstic fight than thinking big . This remains and the whole world knows this.

在过去的15年里，中国展示了他们的实力，并且在他们的国民中建立了一种普遍文化的速度和专业精神。他们已经表明，他们完全有能力凭借自己的方式超越任何一个大型经济体。美国是因为有了全世界的人才而建立起来的，但中国全凭自力更生，这是一个令人警醒的事实。

而说到印度，印度有很多人才，但大多数人都抱着消极心态、懒惰的态度和不专业的性格。联邦政府结构和严重腐败的官僚，还有那些渴望权力的政客，当权就是为了捞钱。这些都归因于经济增长的不确定性，正如英国人在离开印度之前所提到的那样，印度人将继续内斗，而不是从大局出发。而事实如此，全世界都知道这一点。

 

Balaji P

I am providing some statistics which is self explanatory. On the contrary, India… long way to go. India ia still a baby -

China’s growth summed up:

1980 GDP: $300B

2017 GDP: $12T

40% of all global growth since 2008 is from China

Every two years since 2008, the incremental growth is that of India’s entire economy

Every 16 weeks an economy the size of Greece is created

Every 25 weeks a new Israel

在这里，我要列举一些统计数字，大家看了就明白了。事实正相反，印度…还有很长的路要走。印度还是个婴儿。

中国的增长总结如下：

1980年国内生产总值：3000亿美元

2017年国内生产总值：12万亿美元

2008年以来全球经济增长的40%来自中国

自2008年以来，每两年的增长增量都是印度经济的总增长量

每16周就能创造一个希腊规模的经济体

每25周就能创造一个新的以色列

 

Cylus Benjamin,

Indian votes are a must for Republican Party of America. Chinese votes count less in America. . But actually India is far richer than China and buy Chinese products more than America. India hides it's gold in temples and lockers of banks.

对于美国共和党来说，印度人的选票是必须拉拢的。中国人在美国的选票比较少。实际上，印度比中国富裕得多，购买中国产品的数量也比美国多。印度只是把黄金都藏在寺庙和银行的储物柜里了。

 

Aditya Chhabra, Analyst of geopolitics

China is attempting to replace the United States as the world’s hegemonic power. India is a democratic nation that is generally friendly towards the U.S. and has demonstrated no intent to replace America’s preeminent position in the world.

As of 2018, India is a partner and China is a strategic adversary.

中国正试图取代美国成为新的世界霸权。印度是一个国家，对美国总体上是友好的，并没有显露出取代美国在世界上卓越地位的意图。

截至2018年，印度是合作伙伴，中国是战略对手。

 

Vali Murtaza, studied geopolitics

The fundamental reason why the US fears rise of China and not rise of India is because the values of the US resonate with the values of India. Freedom, equality, justice and fraternity.

美国之所以害怕中国崛起，不担心印度崛起，根本原因在于美国的价值观与印度的价值观能产生共鸣：自由、平等、正义和友爱。

 

Hensang Song, Human (1998-present)

India isn’t strong enough to make a challenge.

印度不够强大，不足以构成挑战。

 

Andrew Weller, lived in India (2005-2010)

India’s rise? Oh, sorry. We hadn’t noticed yet.

印度的崛起？哦，对不起。我们还没注意到。

 

Kuldeep Singh Lamba, Neighbor of China, Indian by heart.

USA is a superpower and every fast growing economy and military power is a threat to USA. Now comes the priorities. As i mentioned earlier in one of my answers that India is far behind China and India will take next 20-25 years to overtake China.

So USA has no threat from India in Next 2 decades whereas China is challenging them in Every aspect right now. China developed the missile technology which can destroy satellites in the space. and such kind of lethal weapons are really a matter of concern for USA.

Look at the size of Economies. There’s a HUGE gap between the two leading Asian economies and it’s only growing.

In fact USA needs India's support to counter Chinese threat and in future USA will take support of any other nation (Like Pakistan as it's nuclear capable) to counter India. It's just a matter of time. There are no permanent allies and enemies in diplomacy.

美国是一个超级大国，每一个快速发展的经济和军事大国都对美国构成威胁，现在是当务之急。正如我在前面的一个回答中提到的，印度远远落后于中国，印度要在未来20-25年内超过中国。

因此，美国在未来20年内不会受到印度的威胁，而中国现在正从各个方面挑战美国。中国发展了能摧毁太空卫星的导弹技术。而这种致命武器确实是美国关注的问题。

看看经济规模。亚洲两大主要经济体之间的差距很大，而且还在不断扩大。

事实上，美国需要印度的支持来对抗中国的威胁，未来美国会接受任何其他国家的支持（比如巴基斯坦，因为它有核能力）来对抗印度。这只是时间问题。外交上没有永远的盟友，也没有永远的敌人。

 

Robert Leo

1. Capability. India is not capable of being a competitor yet. China only started being talked about as a threat after early 2000s. Give India some time, like 20 years.
2. Ideological similarity.
3. American has much more political/economic/military/cultural interests in East Asia, India's billion people and another billion from countries around it and the Middle East means little to the Americans, almost not as much as Africa.
4. America fought many wars in East Asia, probably 99% can't even name a war in Indian subcontinent, ever. It is not within America's traditional spree of influence (therefore Americans were even happy to help Indians to be free from the British).
5. 能力。印度还不足以成为竞争对手。中国在21世纪初才开始被美国视为威胁。我们还要给印度一些时间，也许20年。
6. 意识形态上的相似性。
7. 美国在东亚拥有更多的政治、经济、军事和文化利益，印度有10亿人口，还有来自周边国家的10亿人口，中东对美国来说意义不大，几乎就跟非洲差不多。
8. 美国在东亚打了很多仗，可能99%的人都说不出印度次大陆发生过什么战争。这里不在美国传统的影响范围之内（因此美国人甚至乐于帮助印度人摆脱英国人的统治）。

 

Giridharan Velamore, A complete Indian by spirit

This is a perception best answered by Americans.

1. I believe it is because both India and US are democracies
2. USA can look at the way the government of India functions and can make some predictions on the way India makes decisions but that is not the case with China.
3. Also, USA is friendly with Japan, Vietnam, Philippines etc., whereas China is having disputes with those friendly countries.
4. USA has been in very friendly terms with Taiwan and China is always claiming Taiwan to be one of their territories.
5. India doesn't have as much disputes with USA's friendly countries. Pakistan had been a friendly country of USA and still is. But India has improved the relationship with USA after the dissolution of Soviet Union.

这是美国人最好的回答。

1.我认为这是因为印度和美国都是民 主国家

2.美国能了解印度政府的运作方式，对印度的决策方式做出一些预测，但对中国却无法做到如此。

3.美国与日本、越南、菲律宾等国友好，中国与这些友好国家有争端。

4.美国与台湾关系非常友好，中国一直声称台湾是其领土之一。

5.印度与美国的友好国家没有那么多争端。巴基斯坦曾经是美国的友好国家，现在仍然是。苏 联后，印度改善了与美国的关系。

 

Ravi Malhotra, studied at India

China has made progress drastically and has economically defeated America. China has been able to attract 28 Billion dollar FDI but is next to India which has attracted 31 Billion dollars while America is at third place. China has lot of US dollar reserves and can threat the economy of America. India is next to China and a competitor of China too. The expansion of foreign trade and development of India is not a threat to US. America by assisting India, can create hurdle in the economic growth speed of China. So the real threat to US is from growth of China and not from Indian economic growth. US also do not want China to become Super power because it would be a great threat to US.

中国取得了巨大的进步，在经济上超越了美国。中国已经吸引了280亿美元的外国直接投资，仅次于印度，印度已经吸引了310亿美元，而美国排在第三位。中国拥有大量美元储备，可能威胁到美国经济。印度仅次于中国，也是中国的竞争对手。印度对外贸易的扩大和发展对美国没有威胁。美国通过帮助印度，可以为中国的经济增长速度设置障碍。因此，对美国而言，真正威胁来自中国的增长，而非印度。美国也不希望中国成为超级大国，因为这将对其构成巨大威胁。

 

Gwydion Madawc Williams, Read a lot about this

They see China as the most immediate threat. Before that it was the Soviet Union, and then briefly Japan, before Japan mysteriously stopped growing and was no longer viewed as threatening.

Should China fall into chaos and weakness, India would be the next target. Mainstream US culture is simply unable to tolerate anyone being different from them.

他们认为中国是最直接的威胁。在中国之前是苏 联，然后是日本，随后日本的经济离奇地停止了增长，不再被视为威胁。

如果中国陷入混乱和虚弱，印度将是下一个目标。美国主流文化根本无法容忍任何人与他们不同。

 

Mathivathanan Chellasamy

No need to give this big explanations, its very simple, the governance and political systems makes the difference. Our system is for the reserved ones not for the DESERVED. US can easily handle Indian Politicians but they can’t handle Chinese Pol-cians.

不需要长篇大论的解释，原因非常简单，就是因为国家治理和制度导致的不同。我们的制度是为那些具有预留资格者保留的。美国很容易对付印度政客，但他们对付不了中国。

 

Quora User

Simple answer is India has been good loyal lackeys to white supremecy narrative of anglo saxon world. Its a legacy and continuation from British enslavement of Indians and then by americans. And indians really believe that whiteman are the most superior race.

It will be actually heartbroken for indians if americans look at loyal indians as threat. Just see the number of indian workers in US companies and even in responsible position. That cannot happen if americans see indians as threat.

Story of Chinese is very different. Chinese can never hope to lead an american company because it will be rape of america by China. Just remember trump even think China raped USA for having huge trade surpluses.

Hard facts also points that China is actually catching up with USA in every spheres whether in economics, military, educations, advanced technologies etc and is truly peer competitor. Its possible that China can surpass US in a very near future.

China was the most advanced nation in many ways prior to europeans renaissance and industrial revolutions. Just imagine mongols using Chinese canon and gunpowder conquering central asia and many parts of europe. Europe was truly outclash in those periods.

简单的回答是，印度一直是白人至上的忠实走狗。这是英国奴役印度人而遗留的问题，后来又被美国人延续了下来。印度人真的信奉白人是最优秀的种族。

如果美国人把忠诚的印度人视为威胁，这真的会让印度人心碎的。看看在美国公司，甚至高管岗位的印度员工的数量吧。如果美国人把印度人视为威胁，这种情况就不会发生。

中国人则大不一样。中国人就不要肖想能在美国公司担任高管了，因为这就等同于中国对美国的强暴。请记住，特朗普甚至因为美国对中国存在的巨额贸易逆差，就认为中国强奸了美国。

确凿的事实也表明，中国在经济、军事、教育、先进技术等各个领域都在赶超美国，是美国真正的竞争对手。中国有可能在不久的将来超过美国。

在欧洲文艺复兴和工业革命之前，中国在许多方面都是最先进的国家。想象一下蒙古人用中国的大炮和火药征服中亚和欧洲许多地区的历史吧。在那个时期，欧洲的冲突真的不堪一击。

 

Sandeep Manudhane, 

There are many obvious reasons why the US is far more concerned about China than India.

比起印度，美国更关心中国，有很多明显的原因。